What is a System Design Interview?

Functional vs. Non-functional Requirements

What are Back-of-the-Envelope Estimations?

Things to Avoid During System Design Interview

Introduction to System Design Interview

System Design Interviews - A step by step guide

System Design Master Template

Designing a URL Shortening Service like TinyURL

Designing Pastebin

Designing Instagram

Designing Dropbox

Designing Facebook Messenger

Designing Twitter

Designing Youtube or Netflix

Designing Typeahead Suggestion

Designing an API Rate Limiter

Designing Twitter Search

Designing a Web Crawler

Designing Facebook’s Newsfeed

Designing Yelp or Nearby Friends

Designing Uber backend

Designing Ticketmaster

Additional Resources

System Design Problems

System Design Basics

Key Characteristics of Distributed Systems

Load Balancing

Caching

Data Partitioning

Indexes

Proxies

Redundancy and Replication

SQL vs. NoSQL

CAP Theorem

PACELC Theorem (New)

Consistent Hashing (New)

Long-Polling vs WebSockets vs Server-Sent Events

Bloom Filters (New)

Quorum (New)

Leader and Follower (New)

Heartbeat (New)

Checksum (New)

Glossary of System Design Basics

Importance of Discussing Trade-offs

Strong vs Eventual Consistency

Latency vs Throughput

ACID vs BASE Properties in Databases

Read-Through vs Write-Through Cache

Batch Processing vs Stream Processing

Load Balancer vs. API Gateway

API Gateway vs Direct Service Exposure

Proxy vs. Reverse Proxy

API Gateway vs. Reverse Proxy

Primary-Replica vs Peer-to-Peer Replication

Data Compression vs Data Deduplication

Server-Side Caching vs Client-Side Caching

REST vs RPC

Polling vs Long-Polling vs Webhooks

CDN Usage vs Direct Server Serving

Serverless Architecture vs Traditional Server-based

Stateful vs Stateless Architecture

Hybrid Cloud Storage vs All-Cloud Storage

Token Bucket vs Leaky Bucket

Read Heavy vs Write Heavy System

System Design Trade-offs

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Appendix

Grokking the System Design Interview

Primary-Replica and Peer-to-Peer Replication are two distinct approaches to data replication in distributed systems, each with its own use cases, benefits, and challenges.

## Primary-Replica Replication

- **Definition**: In Primary-Replica (also known as Master-Slave) replication, one server (the primary/master) handles all the write operations, and the changes are then replicated to one or more other servers (replicas/slaves).
- **Characteristics**:
  - **Unidirectional**: Data flows from the primary to the replicas.